A short command list is often enough to solve most DNS questions. Keep these examples handy during migrations and incidents.
Commands to use
dig example.com A
dig example.com AAAA
dig example.com MX
dig example.com TXT
dig example.com NS
dig example.com SOA
dig -x 203.0.113.10Checklist
- A record: website IPv4.
- AAAA record: website IPv6.
- MX record: inbound email routing.
- TXT record: SPF, DKIM, DMARC, verification.
- NS record: delegation.
- SOA record: zone authority.
- PTR record: reverse DNS.
How to use the result
The DNS answer should be compared with the intended source of truth: registrar delegation, DNS provider zone, hosting target, email provider instructions, certificate authority challenge, or internal network documentation. If they do not match, fix the source record before troubleshooting higher layers.